use compact_str::{CompactString, ToCompactString};
use either::Either;
use nom::branch::alt;
use nom::bytes::complete::{tag, tag_no_case};
use nom::character::complete::{
    alpha1, alphanumeric1, anychar, char as one_char, line_ending, not_line_ending, one_of,
    satisfy, space1, tab,
};
use nom::combinator::{eof, fail, map, not, opt, peek, recognize};
use nom::error::ErrorKind;
use nom::multi::{many0_count, many1, many1_count, many_till, separated_list1};
use nom::sequence::tuple;
use nom::{IResult, Offset, Parser, Slice};
use nom_locate::LocatedSpan;
use quick_xml::events::{BytesText, Event};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::convert::{identity, Infallible};
use std::io::{Cursor, Write};
use std::marker::PhantomData;
use strum::IntoStaticStr;
use tracing::trace;
use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize, IntoStaticStr)]
// The alternative would be to implement a serde serializer for this one enum, but that's disgusting
#[strum(serialize_all = "snake_case")]
#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
pub enum MentionType {
    Community,
    User,
    MatrixUser,
}

impl MentionType {
    pub fn to_char(&self) -> char {
        match self {
            MentionType::Community => '!',
            MentionType::User => '@',
            MentionType::MatrixUser => ':',
        }
    }

    pub fn separator(&self) -> char {
        match self {
            MentionType::Community | MentionType::User => '@',
            MentionType::MatrixUser => ':',
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize, Serialize)]
pub enum Token {
    PlainText(CompactString),
    Sequence(Vec<Token>),
    Quote(Box<Token>),
    Small(Box<Token>),
    BoldItalic(Box<Token>),
    Bold(Box<Token>),
    Italic(Box<Token>),
    Center(Box<Token>),
    Strikethrough(Box<Token>),
    PlainTag(String),
    InlineCode(String),
    InlineMath(String),
    UrlRaw(String),
    UrlNoEmbed(String),
    Link {
        label: Box<Token>,
        href: String,
        embed: bool,
    },
    BlockCode {
        lang: Option<String>,
        inner: String,
    },
    BlockMath(String),
    Function {
        name: String,
        params: HashMap<String, Option<String>>,
        inner: Box<Token>,
    },
    Mention {
        name: String,
        host: Option<String>,
        mention_type: MentionType,
    },
    UnicodeEmoji(String),
    ShortcodeEmoji(String),
    Hashtag(String),
}

impl Token {
    fn str_content_left(&self) -> Option<&str> {
        match self {
            Token::PlainText(text) => Some(text.as_ref()),
            Token::Sequence(tokens) => tokens.first().and_then(Token::str_content_left),
            Token::Quote(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::Small(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::BoldItalic(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::Bold(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::Italic(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::Center(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::Strikethrough(inner) => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::PlainTag(tag) => Some(tag.as_ref()),
            Token::UrlRaw(url) => Some(url.as_ref()),
            Token::UrlNoEmbed(url) => Some(url.as_ref()),
            Token::Link { label, .. } => label.str_content_left(),
            Token::Function { inner, .. } => inner.str_content_left(),
            Token::Mention { name, .. } => Some(name.as_ref()),
            Token::UnicodeEmoji(code) => Some(code.as_ref()),
            Token::ShortcodeEmoji(_) => None,
            Token::Hashtag(tag) => Some(tag.as_ref()),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    fn str_content_right(&self) -> Option<&str> {
        match self {
            Token::PlainText(text) => Some(text.as_ref()),
            Token::Sequence(tokens) => tokens.last().and_then(Token::str_content_right),
            Token::Quote(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::Small(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::BoldItalic(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::Bold(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::Italic(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::Center(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::Strikethrough(inner) => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::PlainTag(tag) => Some(tag.as_ref()),
            Token::UrlRaw(url) => Some(url.as_ref()),
            Token::UrlNoEmbed(url) => Some(url.as_ref()),
            Token::Link { label, .. } => label.str_content_right(),
            Token::Function { inner, .. } => inner.str_content_right(),
            Token::Mention { name, .. } => Some(name.as_ref()),
            Token::UnicodeEmoji(code) => Some(code.as_ref()),
            Token::Hashtag(tag) => Some(tag.as_ref()),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    fn inner(&self) -> Token {
        match self {
            plain @ Token::PlainText(_) => plain.clone(),
            sequence @ Token::Sequence(_) => sequence.clone(),
            Token::Quote(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::Small(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::BoldItalic(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::Bold(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::Italic(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::Center(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::Strikethrough(inner) => inner.inner(),
            Token::PlainTag(text) => Token::PlainText(text.clone().into()),
            Token::InlineCode(code) => Token::PlainText(code.clone().into()),
            Token::InlineMath(math) => Token::PlainText(math.clone().into()),
            Token::UrlRaw(url) => Token::PlainText(url.clone().into()),
            Token::UrlNoEmbed(url) => Token::PlainText(url.clone().into()),
            Token::Link { label, .. } => label.inner(),
            Token::BlockCode { inner, .. } => Token::PlainText(inner.clone().into()),
            Token::BlockMath(math) => Token::PlainText(math.clone().into()),
            Token::Function { inner, .. } => inner.inner(),
            Token::Mention { name, .. } => Token::PlainText(name.clone().into()),
            Token::UnicodeEmoji(code) => Token::PlainText(code.clone().into()),
            Token::ShortcodeEmoji(shortcode) => Token::PlainText(shortcode.clone().into()),
            Token::Hashtag(tag) => Token::PlainText(tag.clone().into()),
        }
    }

    fn merged(&self) -> Token {
        match self {
            Token::Sequence(tokens) => {
                let tokens_multi = tokens.iter().fold(Vec::new(), |mut acc, tok| {
                    if let Some(Token::PlainText(last)) = acc.last_mut() {
                        if let Token::PlainText(tok_text) = tok {
                            *last += tok_text.as_ref();

                            return acc;
                        }
                    }

                    if let Token::Sequence(seq) = tok {
                        let items = seq.iter().map(Token::merged).flat_map(|t| match t {
                            Token::Sequence(seq) => Either::Left(seq.into_iter()),
                            other => Either::Right(std::iter::once(other)),
                        });

                        for item in items {
                            if let Some(Token::PlainText(last)) = acc.last_mut() {
                                if let Token::PlainText(tok_text) = item {
                                    *last += tok_text.as_ref();

                                    continue;
                                }
                            }

                            acc.push(item);
                        }

                        return acc;
                    }

                    acc.push(tok.merged());
                    acc
                });

                if tokens_multi.len() == 1 {
                    return tokens_multi.into_iter().next().unwrap();
                }

                Token::Sequence(tokens_multi)
            }
            Token::Quote(inner) => Token::Quote(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::Small(inner) => Token::Small(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::BoldItalic(inner) => Token::BoldItalic(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::Bold(inner) => Token::Bold(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::Italic(inner) => Token::Italic(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::Center(inner) => Token::Center(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::Strikethrough(inner) => Token::Strikethrough(Box::new(inner.merged())),
            Token::Link { embed, label, href } => Token::Link {
                label: Box::new(label.merged()),
                href: href.clone(),
                embed: *embed,
            },
            Token::Function {
                name,
                params,
                inner,
            } => Token::Function {
                name: name.clone(),
                params: params.clone(),
                inner: Box::new(inner.merged()),
            },
            other => other.clone(),
        }
    }

    pub fn walk_map_collect<T>(&self, func: &impl Fn(&Token) -> Option<T>, out: &mut Vec<T>) {
        if let Some(v) = func(self) {
            out.push(v)
        }

        match self {
            Token::Sequence(items) => {
                items.iter().for_each(|tok| tok.walk_map_collect(func, out));
            }
            Token::Quote(inner)
            | Token::Small(inner)
            | Token::BoldItalic(inner)
            | Token::Bold(inner)
            | Token::Italic(inner)
            | Token::Center(inner)
            | Token::Function { inner, .. }
            | Token::Link { label: inner, .. }
            | Token::Strikethrough(inner) => inner.walk_map_collect(func, out),
            _ => {}
        }
    }

    pub fn walk_speech_transform(&mut self, func: &impl Fn(&mut CompactString)) {
        match self {
            Token::Sequence(items) => {
                items
                    .iter_mut()
                    .for_each(|tok| tok.walk_speech_transform(func));
            }
            Token::Small(inner)
            | Token::BoldItalic(inner)
            | Token::Bold(inner)
            | Token::Italic(inner)
            | Token::Center(inner)
            | Token::Function { inner, .. }
            | Token::Strikethrough(inner) => inner.walk_speech_transform(func),
            Token::PlainText(text) => func(text),
            _ => {}
        }
    }

    fn write<T: Write>(&self, writer: &mut quick_xml::Writer<T>) -> quick_xml::Result<()> {
        match self {
            Token::PlainText(plain) => {
                writer.write_event(Event::Text(BytesText::new(plain.as_str())))?;
            }
            Token::Sequence(sequence) => {
                sequence.iter().try_for_each(|item| item.write(writer))?;
            }
            Token::Quote(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("quote")
                    .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::Small(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("small")
                    .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::BoldItalic(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("b")
                    .write_inner_content::<_, quick_xml::Error>(|w| {
                        w.create_element("i")
                            .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;

                        Ok(())
                    })?;
            }
            Token::Bold(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("b")
                    .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::Italic(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("i")
                    .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::Center(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("center")
                    .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::Strikethrough(inner) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("s")
                    .write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::PlainTag(plain) => {
                writer.write_event(Event::Text(BytesText::new(plain.as_str())))?;
            }
            Token::InlineCode(code) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("inline-code")
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(code))?;
            }
            Token::InlineMath(math) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("inline-math")
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(math))?;
            }
            Token::UrlRaw(url) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("a")
                    .with_attribute(("href", url.as_str()))
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(url))?;
            }
            Token::UrlNoEmbed(url) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("a")
                    .with_attribute(("href", url.as_str()))
                    .with_attribute(("embed", "false"))
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(url))?;
            }
            Token::Link { label, href, embed } => {
                writer
                    .create_element("a")
                    .with_attribute(("href", href.as_str()))
                    .with_attribute(("embed", if *embed { "true" } else { "false" }))
                    .write_inner_content(|w| label.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::BlockCode { inner, lang } => {
                let mut ew = writer.create_element("code");

                if let Some(language) = lang {
                    ew = ew.with_attribute(("lang", language.as_str()));
                }

                ew.write_text_content(BytesText::new(inner))?;
            }
            Token::BlockMath(math) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("math")
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(math))?;
            }
            Token::Function {
                inner,
                name,
                params,
            } => {
                let mut ew = writer
                    .create_element("fn")
                    .with_attribute(("name", name.as_str()));

                for (k, v) in params {
                    ew = ew
                        .with_attribute((format!("arg-{k}").as_str(), v.as_deref().unwrap_or("")));
                }

                ew.write_inner_content(|w| inner.write(w))?;
            }
            Token::Mention {
                name,
                host,
                mention_type,
            } => {
                let mut ew = writer
                    .create_element("mention")
                    .with_attribute(("name", name.as_str()))
                    .with_attribute(("type", mention_type.into()));

                if let Some(host) = host {
                    ew = ew.with_attribute(("host", host.as_str()));
                }

                ew.write_empty()?;
            }
            Token::UnicodeEmoji(text) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("ue")
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(text))?;
            }
            Token::ShortcodeEmoji(shortcode) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("ee")
                    .write_text_content(BytesText::new(shortcode))?;
            }
            Token::Hashtag(tag) => {
                writer
                    .create_element("hashtag")
                    .with_attribute(("tag", tag.as_str()));
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }
}

pub fn to_xml_string(token: &Token) -> quick_xml::Result<String> {
    let mut writer = quick_xml::Writer::new(Cursor::new(Vec::new()));
    writer
        .create_element("mmm")
        .write_inner_content(|writer| token.write(writer))?;
    Ok(String::from_utf8(writer.into_inner().into_inner())?)
}

#[derive(Debug, Default, Copy, Clone)]
pub struct SpanMeta {
    depth: usize,
}

impl SpanMeta {
    fn new(depth: usize) -> Self {
        Self { depth }
    }
}

type Span<'a> = LocatedSpan<&'a str, SpanMeta>;

trait SliceOffset {
    fn up_to(&self, other: &Self) -> Self;

    fn fragment_between<'a>(&self, other: &Self) -> &'a str
    where
        Self: 'a;
}

impl SliceOffset for Span<'_> {
    fn up_to(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
        self.slice(..self.offset(other))
    }

    fn fragment_between<'a>(&self, other: &Self) -> &'a str
    where
        Self: 'a,
    {
        self.up_to(other).into_fragment()
    }
}

#[inline]
fn boxing_token(func: impl Fn(Box<Token>) -> Token) -> impl Fn(Token) -> Token {
    move |tokens| func(Box::new(tokens))
}

#[inline]
fn collect_sequence<T>(
    func: impl Fn(Vec<T>) -> Token,
    transform: impl Fn(Token) -> Token,
) -> impl Fn(&mut dyn Iterator<Item = T>) -> Token {
    move |tokens| transform(func(tokens.collect()))
}

#[inline]
fn collect_char_sequence(
    func: impl Fn(String) -> Token,
) -> impl Fn(&mut dyn Iterator<Item = char>) -> Token {
    move |chars| func(chars.collect())
}

#[inline]
fn space1_unicode(input: Span) -> IResult<Span, Span> {
    recognize(many1_count(tuple((
        not(line_ending),
        satisfy(char::is_whitespace),
    ))))(input)
}

#[inline]
fn alphanumeric1_unicode(input: Span) -> IResult<Span, Span> {
    recognize(many1_count(satisfy(char::is_alphanumeric)))(input)
}

fn spliced<'a>(
    segments: &[Span<'a>],
    func: impl Fn(Span) -> IResult<Span, Token>,
    parent: Span<'a>,
) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token, nom::error::Error<Span<'a>>> {
    let combined = segments
        .iter()
        .copied()
        .map(Span::into_fragment)
        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
        .join("\n");
    let cum_offset_combined = segments
        .iter()
        .scan(0, |acc, &x| {
            *acc += x.len();
            Some(*acc)
        })
        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let current_seg = |input: Span| {
        cum_offset_combined
            .iter()
            .enumerate()
            .take_while(|(_, &o)| o > input.location_offset())
            .map(|(i, o)| (segments[i], o))
            .last()
    };

    type NE<E> = nom::Err<E>;
    type NomError<'x> = nom::error::Error<Span<'x>>;

    let spliced_span = Span::new_extra(
        &combined,
        segments.first().map_or(SpanMeta::new(0), |s| s.extra),
    );
    let (input, inner) = match func(spliced_span) {
        Ok(s) => s,
        Err(e) => {
            return match e {
                NE::Error(e) => {
                    let offset_new = e.input.location_offset();
                    if let Some((seg_parent, offset_seg_new)) = current_seg(e.input) {
                        let offset = offset_new - offset_seg_new;
                        let offset_orig = offset + seg_parent.location_offset();
                        Err(NE::Error(NomError::new(
                            Span::new_extra(
                                &parent.into_fragment()[offset_orig..],
                                seg_parent.extra,
                            ),
                            e.code,
                        )))
                    } else {
                        // ???
                        Err(NE::Failure(NomError::new(parent, ErrorKind::Fail)))
                    }
                }
                NE::Failure(e) => Err(NE::Error(NomError::new(parent, e.code))),
                NE::Incomplete(i) => Err(NE::Incomplete(i)),
            };
        }
    };

    let out = if let Some((seg_parent, offset_seg_new)) = current_seg(input) {
        let offset = input.location_offset() - offset_seg_new;
        let offset_orig = offset + seg_parent.location_offset();
        parent.slice(offset_orig..)
    } else {
        parent
    };

    Ok((out, inner))
}

fn space(input: Span) -> IResult<Span, Token> {
    let (input, frag) = recognize(alt((one_char('\u{0020}'), one_char('\u{3000}'), tab)))(input)?;
    Ok((input, Token::PlainText(frag.into_fragment().into())))
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
struct Matcher<'a, 'b, T: Clone> {
    matcher_inner: &'a (dyn Fn(Span<'b>) -> IResult<Span<'b>, T> + 'a),
    collector: &'a (dyn Fn(&mut dyn Iterator<Item = T>) -> Token + 'a),
    _phantom_closure: PhantomData<&'a ()>,
    _phantom_data: PhantomData<&'b ()>,
    _phantom_output: PhantomData<fn() -> T>,
}

impl<'a, 'b, T: Clone> Matcher<'a, 'b, T> {
    fn new(
        matcher_inner: &'a (dyn Fn(Span<'b>) -> IResult<Span<'b>, T> + 'a),
        collector: &'a (dyn Fn(&mut dyn Iterator<Item = T>) -> Token + 'a),
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            matcher_inner,
            collector,
            _phantom_closure: PhantomData,
            _phantom_data: PhantomData,
            _phantom_output: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

impl<'a, 'b> Matcher<'a, 'b, Infallible> {
    // Don't break this invariant, else a monster will come at night and eat all your socks
    fn reject() -> Self {
        Self {
            matcher_inner: &fail::<_, Infallible, _>,
            collector: &|_| unreachable!(),
            _phantom_closure: PhantomData,
            _phantom_data: PhantomData,
            _phantom_output: PhantomData,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
enum FlankingRule {
    Lenient,
    Strict,
    DontCare,
}

struct FlankingDelim<'a, T: Fn(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>>>(
    T,
    FlankingRule,
    PhantomData<&'a ()>,
);

impl<'a, T: Fn(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>>> From<(T, FlankingRule)>
    for FlankingDelim<'a, T>
{
    fn from((func, rule): (T, FlankingRule)) -> Self {
        FlankingDelim(func, rule, PhantomData)
    }
}

impl<'a, T: Fn(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>>> From<T> for FlankingDelim<'a, T> {
    fn from(func: T) -> Self {
        FlankingDelim(func, FlankingRule::DontCare, PhantomData)
    }
}

pub struct Context {
    depth_limit: usize,
}

const DEFAULT_DEPTH_LIMIT: usize = 24;

impl Default for Context {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Context::new(DEFAULT_DEPTH_LIMIT)
    }
}

impl Context {
    pub fn new(depth_limit: usize) -> Self {
        Self { depth_limit }
    }

    pub fn parse_full(&self, input: &str) -> Token {
        match self.full(Span::new_extra(input, SpanMeta::default())) {
            Ok((_, t)) => t.merged(),
            Err(e) => {
                trace!(input = input, "Full parser fail: {:?}", e);
                Token::PlainText(e.to_compact_string())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn parse_inline(&self, input: &str) -> Token {
        match self.full(Span::new_extra(input, SpanMeta::default())) {
            Ok((_, t)) => t.merged(),
            Err(e) => {
                trace!(input = input, "Inline parser fail: {:?}", e);
                Token::PlainText(e.to_compact_string())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn parse_ui(&self, input: &str) -> Token {
        match self.inline_ui(Span::new_extra(input, SpanMeta::default())) {
            Ok((_, t)) => t.merged(),
            Err(e) => {
                trace!(input = input, "Inline parser fail: {:?}", e);
                Token::PlainText(e.to_compact_string())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn parse_profile_fields(&self, input: &str) -> Token {
        match self.inline_profile_fields(Span::new_extra(input, SpanMeta::default())) {
            Ok((_, t)) => t.merged(),
            Err(e) => {
                trace!(input = input, "Profile field parser fail: {:?}", e);
                Token::PlainText(e.to_compact_string())
            }
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn partial(
        &self,
        func: impl for<'a> Fn(&Self, Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> + 'static,
    ) -> impl for<'a> Fn(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> + '_ {
        move |input| func(self, input)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn partial_span(
        &self,
        func: impl for<'a> Fn(&Self, Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>> + 'static,
    ) -> impl for<'a> Fn(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>> + '_ {
        move |input| func(self, input)
    }

    pub fn full<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        map(many1(self.partial(Self::full_single)), Token::Sequence)(input)
    }

    pub fn inline<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        map(many1(self.partial(Self::inline_single)), Token::Sequence)(input)
    }

    pub fn inline_label_safe<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        map(
            many1(self.partial(Self::inline_label_safe_single)),
            Token::Sequence,
        )(input)
    }

    fn inline_profile_fields<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        map(
            many1(alt((
                self.partial(Self::unicode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::tag_mention),
                self.partial(Self::tag_hashtag),
                self.partial(Self::raw_url),
                self.partial(Self::tag_raw_text),
            ))),
            Token::Sequence,
        )(input)
    }

    fn inline_ui<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        map(
            many1(alt((
                self.partial(Self::unicode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::shortcode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::tag_raw_text),
            ))),
            Token::Sequence,
        )(input)
    }

    fn base_bold_italic<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        alt((
            self.partial(Self::tag_bold_italic_asterisk),
            self.partial(Self::tag_bold_italic_underscore),
            self.partial(Self::tag_bold_asterisk),
            self.partial(Self::tag_italic_asterisk),
            self.partial(Self::tag_bold_underscore),
            self.partial(Self::tag_italic_underscore),
        ))(input)
    }

    fn full_single<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, token) = alt((
            self.increase_nesting(alt((
                self.partial(Self::unicode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::tag_block_center),
                self.partial(Self::tag_small),
                self.partial(Self::tag_plain),
                self.partial(Self::tag_bold),
                self.partial(Self::tag_italic),
                self.partial(Self::tag_strikethrough),
                self.partial(Self::url_no_embed),
                self.partial(Self::base_bold_italic),
                self.partial(Self::tag_block_code),
                self.partial(Self::tag_inline_code),
                self.partial(Self::tag_quote),
                self.partial(Self::tag_block_math),
                self.partial(Self::tag_inline_math),
                self.partial(Self::tag_strikethrough_tilde),
                self.partial(Self::tag_func),
                self.partial(Self::tag_mention),
                self.partial(Self::tag_hashtag),
                self.partial(Self::shortcode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::link),
                self.partial(Self::raw_url),
            ))),
            self.partial(Self::tag_raw_text),
        ))(input)?;
        Ok((input, token))
    }

    fn inline_single<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        alt((
            self.increase_nesting(alt((
                self.partial(Self::unicode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::tag_small),
                self.partial(Self::tag_plain),
                self.partial(Self::tag_bold),
                self.partial(Self::tag_italic),
                self.partial(Self::tag_strikethrough),
                self.partial(Self::url_no_embed),
                self.partial(Self::base_bold_italic),
                self.partial(Self::tag_inline_code),
                self.partial(Self::tag_inline_math),
                self.partial(Self::tag_strikethrough_tilde),
                self.partial(Self::tag_func),
                self.partial(Self::tag_mention),
                self.partial(Self::tag_hashtag),
                self.partial(Self::shortcode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::link),
                self.partial(Self::raw_url),
            ))),
            self.partial(Self::tag_raw_text),
        ))(input)
    }

    fn inline_non_formatting_single<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, token) = alt((
            self.increase_nesting(alt((
                self.partial(Self::unicode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::url_no_embed),
                self.partial(Self::tag_inline_code),
                self.partial(Self::tag_inline_math),
                self.partial(Self::tag_func),
                self.partial(Self::tag_mention),
                self.partial(Self::tag_hashtag),
                self.partial(Self::shortcode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::raw_url),
            ))),
            self.partial(Self::tag_raw_text),
        ))(input)?;
        Ok((input, token))
    }

    fn inline_label_safe_single<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, token) = alt((
            self.increase_nesting(alt((
                self.partial(Self::unicode_emoji),
                self.partial(Self::tag_small),
                self.partial(Self::tag_plain),
                self.partial(Self::tag_bold),
                self.partial(Self::tag_italic),
                self.partial(Self::tag_strikethrough),
                self.partial(Self::base_bold_italic),
                self.partial(Self::tag_strikethrough_tilde),
                self.partial(Self::tag_func),
                self.partial(Self::shortcode_emoji),
            ))),
            self.partial(Self::tag_raw_text),
        ))(input)?;
        Ok((input, token))
    }

    fn tag_quote<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, leading_spaces) = tuple((opt(line_ending), opt(line_ending)))(input)?;

        if let (None, None) = leading_spaces {
            if input.get_column() != 1 {
                return fail(input);
            }
        }

        let quote_line = |input| tuple((tag(">"), opt(space), not_line_ending))(input);

        let orig_input = input;
        let (input, lines) = separated_list1(line_ending, quote_line)(input)?;

        let quote_lines = lines
            .into_iter()
            .map(|(_, _, text)| text)
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        if quote_lines.len() == 1
            && quote_lines
                .iter()
                .map(Span::fragment)
                .copied()
                .any(&str::is_empty)
        {
            return fail(input);
        }

        let (_, inner) = spliced(&quote_lines, self.partial(Self::full), orig_input)?;

        let (input, _) = tuple((opt(line_ending), opt(line_ending)))(input)?;

        Ok((input, Token::Quote(Box::new(inner))))
    }

    fn tag_block_center<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let tag_start = &tag("<center>");
        let tag_end = &tag("</center>");

        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        if input.get_column() != 1 {
            return fail(input);
        }

        let (input, _) = tag_start(input)?;
        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        let (input, (center_seq, _)) = many_till(
            self.partial(Self::inline_single),
            tuple((opt(space1), opt(line_ending), tag_end)),
        )(input)?;

        Ok((
            input,
            boxing_token(Token::Center)(Token::Sequence(center_seq)),
        ))
    }

    fn tag_block_code<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let delim = &tag("```");

        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        if input.get_column() != 1 {
            return fail(input);
        }

        let (input, _) = delim(input)?;
        let (input, lang) = opt(map(
            recognize(many1(tuple((not(delim), not(line_ending), anychar)))),
            Span::into_fragment,
        ))(input)?;
        let (input, _) = line_ending(input)?;

        let (input, code) = map(
            recognize(many1_count(tuple((
                not(tuple((line_ending, delim))),
                anychar,
            )))),
            Span::into_fragment,
        )(input)?;

        let (input, _) = line_ending(input)?;
        let (input, _) = delim(input)?;
        // Trailing whitespace after the triple backtick
        let (input, _) = opt(space1_unicode)(input)?;
        // If we got this far, the next character should be a line ending
        let (input, _) = not(tuple((not(line_ending), anychar)))(input)?;
        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        Ok((
            input,
            Token::BlockCode {
                lang: lang.map(<&str>::into),
                inner: code.into(),
            },
        ))
    }

    fn tag_block_math<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let start = &tag("\\[");
        let end = &tag("\\]");

        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        if input.get_column() != 1 {
            return fail(input);
        }

        let (input, _) = start(input)?;
        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        let (input, math_span) = recognize(many1_count(tuple((
            not(tuple((opt(line_ending), end))),
            not_line_ending,
        ))))(input)?;

        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;
        let (input, _) = end(input)?;
        // Trailing whitespace after the closing delim
        let (input, _) = opt(space1_unicode)(input)?;
        // If we got this far, the next character should be a line ending
        let (input, _) = not(tuple((not(line_ending), anychar)))(input)?;
        let (input, _) = opt(line_ending)(input)?;

        Ok((
            input,
            Token::BlockMath(math_span.into_fragment().to_string()),
        ))
    }

    #[inline]
    fn tag_delimited<'a, 'b: 'a, T: Clone, S: Clone, FOpen, FClose>(
        &'a self,
        opening_tag: impl Into<FlankingDelim<'b, FOpen>> + 'a,
        closing_tag: impl Into<FlankingDelim<'b, FClose>> + 'a,
        escape: bool,
        matcher: Matcher<'a, 'b, T>,
        fallback: Matcher<'a, 'b, S>,
    ) -> impl Fn(Span<'b>) -> IResult<Span<'b>, Token> + '_
    where
        FOpen: Fn(Span<'b>) -> IResult<Span<'b>, Span<'b>> + 'a,
        FClose: Fn(Span<'b>) -> IResult<Span<'b>, Span<'b>> + 'a,
    {
        let FlankingDelim(opening_tag, opening_rule, ..) = opening_tag.into();
        let FlankingDelim(closing_tag, closing_rule, ..) = closing_tag.into();

        move |input| {
            if escape {
                if let Ok((input_escaped, (_, mark))) = tuple((tag("\\"), &opening_tag))(input) {
                    return Ok((
                        input_escaped,
                        Token::PlainText(mark.fragment().to_string().into()),
                    ));
                }
            }

            if let FlankingRule::Strict = opening_rule {
                let (input, pre) =
                    opt(recognize(tuple((alphanumeric1_unicode, &opening_tag))))(input)?;
                if let Some(pre_text) = pre {
                    return Ok((input, Token::PlainText(pre_text.into_fragment().into())));
                }
            }

            let begin = input;
            let (post_open, _) = opening_tag(input)?;

            let res = tuple((
                many1(tuple((not(&closing_tag), &matcher.matcher_inner))),
                &closing_tag,
            ))(post_open);

            if let Err(nom::Err::Error(nom::error::Error {
                input: input_past_err,
                ..
            })) = res
            {
                let res_fallback = tuple((
                    many1(tuple((not(&closing_tag), &fallback.matcher_inner))),
                    &closing_tag,
                ))(post_open);

                if res_fallback.is_err() {
                    return Ok((
                        input_past_err,
                        Token::PlainText(begin.fragment_between(&input_past_err).into()),
                    ));
                }

                let (input, (inner, closing)) = res_fallback.unwrap();
                let mut inner = inner.into_iter().map(|(_, t)| t);

                return Ok((
                    input,
                    Token::Sequence(vec![
                        Token::PlainText(begin.fragment_between(&post_open).into()),
                        ((fallback.collector)(&mut inner)),
                        Token::PlainText(closing.into_fragment().into()),
                    ]),
                ));
            }

            let (input, (inner, closing)) = res?;
            let mut inner = inner.into_iter().map(|(_, t)| t);

            let inner_tok = (matcher.collector)(&mut inner);

            let correct_left_flanking =
                if let FlankingRule::Lenient | FlankingRule::Strict = opening_rule {
                    let text_left = inner_tok.str_content_left();

                    !(text_left.is_some_and(|s| s.starts_with(char::is_whitespace))
                        || text_left.is_none())
                } else {
                    true
                };

            let correct_right_flanking =
                if let FlankingRule::Lenient | FlankingRule::Strict = closing_rule {
                    let text_right = inner_tok.str_content_right();
                    !(text_right.is_some_and(|s| s.ends_with(char::is_whitespace))
                        || text_right.is_none())
                } else {
                    true
                };

            let (input, alphanum) = opt(peek(alphanumeric1_unicode))(input)?;
            let correct_right_outer =
                alphanum.is_none() || !matches!(closing_rule, FlankingRule::Strict);

            let correct_flanking =
                correct_left_flanking && correct_right_flanking && correct_right_outer;

            if !correct_flanking {
                return Ok((
                    input,
                    Token::Sequence(vec![
                        Token::PlainText(begin.fragment_between(&post_open).into()),
                        inner_tok.inner(),
                        Token::PlainText(closing.into_fragment().into()),
                    ]),
                ));
            }
            Ok((input, Token::Sequence(vec![inner_tok])))
        }
    }

    fn tag_func<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, _) = tag("$[")(input)?;

        let func_ident = |input| {
            recognize(tuple((
                many1_count(alt((alpha1, tag("_")))),
                many0_count(alt((alphanumeric1, tag("_")))),
            )))(input)
        };

        let arg_value = recognize(many1_count(alt((
            alphanumeric1,
            tag("."),
            tag("-"),
            tag("_"),
        ))));

        let (input, func_name) = map(func_ident, Span::into_fragment)(input)?;

        let arg = tuple((func_ident, opt(tuple((tag("="), arg_value)))));

        let (input, args) =
            opt(tuple((one_char('.'), separated_list1(one_char(','), arg))))(input)?;

        let args_out = args.map_or_else(HashMap::new, |(_, items)| {
            items
                .into_iter()
                .map(|(k, v)| {
                    (
                        k.into_fragment().to_string(),
                        v.map(|(_, val)| val.into_fragment().to_string()),
                    )
                })
                .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>()
        });

        let (input, _) = opt(space)(input)?;

        let (input, (inner, _)) = many_till(self.partial(Self::inline_single), tag("]"))(input)?;

        Ok((
            input,
            Token::Function {
                name: func_name.to_string(),
                params: args_out,
                inner: Box::new(Token::Sequence(inner)),
            },
        ))
    }

    fn tag_plain<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let opening_tag = &tag("<plain>");
        let closing_tag = &tag("</plain>");

        let (input, _) = opening_tag(input)?;
        let (input, text) = map(
            recognize(many1(tuple((not(line_ending), not(closing_tag), anychar)))),
            Span::into_fragment,
        )(input)?;
        let (input, _) = closing_tag(input)?;

        Ok((input, Token::PlainTag(text.into())))
    }

    fn tag_small<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            tag_no_case("<small>"),
            tag_no_case("</small>"),
            false,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Small)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_bold_italic_asterisk<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("***"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            (tag("***"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::BoldItalic)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_bold_italic_underscore<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("___"), FlankingRule::Strict),
            (tag("___"), FlankingRule::Strict),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::BoldItalic)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_bold<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            tag_no_case("<b>"),
            tag_no_case("</b>"),
            false,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Bold)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_bold_asterisk<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("**"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            (tag("**"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Bold)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_bold_underscore<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("__"), FlankingRule::Strict),
            (tag("__"), FlankingRule::Strict),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Bold)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_italic<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            tag_no_case("<i>"),
            tag_no_case("</i>"),
            false,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Italic)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_italic_asterisk<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("*"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            (tag("*"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Italic)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_italic_underscore<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("_"), FlankingRule::Strict),
            (tag("_"), FlankingRule::Strict),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Italic)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_strikethrough<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            tag_no_case("<s>"),
            tag_no_case("</s>"),
            false,
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Strikethrough)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_strikethrough_tilde<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            (tag("~~"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            (tag("~~"), FlankingRule::Lenient),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &move |input| {
                    map(
                        tuple(((not(line_ending)), self.partial(Self::inline_single))),
                        |(_, captured)| captured,
                    )(input)
                },
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, boxing_token(Token::Strikethrough)),
            ),
            Matcher::new(
                &move |input| {
                    map(
                        tuple((
                            (not(line_ending)),
                            self.partial(Self::inline_non_formatting_single),
                        )),
                        |(_, captured)| captured,
                    )(input)
                },
                &collect_sequence(Token::Sequence, identity),
            ),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_inline_code<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            tag("`"),
            |input| alt((tag("`"), tag("´")))(input),
            true,
            Matcher::new(
                &move |input| {
                    map(
                        tuple((not(alt((tag("`"), tag("´"), line_ending))), anychar)),
                        |(_, captured)| captured,
                    )(input)
                },
                &collect_char_sequence(Token::InlineCode),
            ),
            Matcher::reject(),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_inline_math<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        self.tag_delimited(
            tag("\\("),
            tag("\\)"),
            false,
            Matcher::new(
                &move |input| {
                    map(tuple((not(line_ending), anychar)), |(_, captured)| captured)(input)
                },
                &collect_char_sequence(Token::InlineMath),
            ),
            Matcher::reject(),
        )(input)
    }

    fn tag_raw_text<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, text) = anychar(input)?;
        Ok((input, Token::PlainText(text.to_compact_string())))
    }

    fn raw_url<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, url_span) = recognize(tuple((
            self.partial_span(Self::protocol),
            self.url_chars(
                |input| recognize(not(self.partial_span(Self::url_chars_base)))(input),
                false,
            ),
        )))(input)?;

        let url = url_span.into_fragment();
        let url_bytes = url.as_bytes();

        // Strip punctuation at the end of sentences that might have been consumed as a part of the URL
        let final_url = if matches!(url_bytes.last(), Some(b'.' | b',' | b'?')) {
            url.slice(..url.len() - 1)
        } else {
            url
        };

        Ok((input, Token::UrlRaw(final_url.to_string())))
    }

    fn url_no_embed<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, _) = tag("<")(input)?;
        let (input, url_span) = recognize(tuple((
            self.partial_span(Self::protocol),
            self.url_chars(tag(">"), true),
        )))(input)?;
        let (input, _) = tag(">")(input)?;

        Ok((
            input,
            Token::UrlNoEmbed(url_span.into_fragment().to_string()),
        ))
    }

    fn link<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, no_embed) = opt(tag("?"))(input)?;
        let (input, _) = tag("[")(input)?;
        let (input, _) = not(tag("["))(input)?;
        let (input, (label_tok, _)) =
            many_till(self.partial(Self::inline_label_safe_single), tag("]("))(input)?;
        let (input, url_span) = recognize(tuple((
            self.partial_span(Self::protocol),
            self.url_chars(tag(")"), true),
        )))(input)?;
        let (input, _) = tag(")")(input)?;

        Ok((
            input,
            Token::Link {
                label: Box::new(Token::Sequence(label_tok)),
                href: url_span.into_fragment().into(),
                embed: no_embed.is_none(),
            },
        ))
    }

    fn unicode_emoji<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let frag = input.fragment();
        let Some(grapheme) = frag.graphemes(true).next() else {
            return fail(input);
        };

        let grapheme = grapheme.trim_end_matches(|c| c == '\u{200c}' || c == '\u{200d}');

        let emoji = emojis::get(grapheme);

        if emoji.is_none() {
            return fail(input);
        }

        Ok((
            input.slice(grapheme.len()..),
            Token::UnicodeEmoji(grapheme.into()),
        ))
    }

    fn shortcode_emoji<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        if let (plain_out, Some(plain)) = map(
            opt(recognize(tuple((
                alphanumeric1_unicode,
                self.partial(Self::shortcode_emoji),
            )))),
            |o| o.map(Span::into_fragment),
        )(input)?
        {
            return Ok((plain_out, Token::PlainText(plain.into())));
        }

        let (input, _) = tag(":")(input)?;
        let (input, shortcode) = map(
            recognize(many1(alt((
                alphanumeric1_unicode,
                recognize(one_of("_+-")),
            )))),
            Span::into_fragment,
        )(input)?;
        let (input, _) = tag(":")(input)?;
        let (input, _) = not(alphanumeric1_unicode)(input)?;

        Ok((input, Token::ShortcodeEmoji(shortcode.into())))
    }

    fn tag_mention<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        if let (plain_out, Some(plain)) = map(
            opt(recognize(tuple((
                alt((tag("\\"), alphanumeric1_unicode)),
                self.partial(Self::tag_mention),
            )))),
            |o| o.map(Span::into_fragment),
        )(input)?
        {
            return Ok((plain_out, Token::PlainText(plain.into())));
        }

        let tags = one_of("@!");
        let (input, mention_type) = map(tags, |c| match c {
            '@' => MentionType::User,
            '!' => MentionType::Community,
            _ => unreachable!(),
        })(input)?;

        let (input, name) = map(
            recognize(many1(alt((alphanumeric1, recognize(one_of("-_")))))),
            Span::into_fragment,
        )(input)?;

        let before = input;
        let (_, host_opt) = opt(tuple((
            one_of(if matches!(mention_type, MentionType::User) {
                "@:"
            } else {
                "@"
            }),
            map(
                recognize(many1(alt((alphanumeric1, recognize(one_of("-_.")))))),
                Span::into_fragment,
            ),
        )))(input)?;

        // Promote tags with a colon separator to Matrix handles
        let mention_type = if let Some((':', _)) = host_opt {
            MentionType::MatrixUser
        } else {
            mention_type
        };
        let host =
            host_opt.map(|(_, name)| name.trim_end_matches(|c| matches!(c, '.' | '-' | '_')));
        let input = host.map(|c| before.slice(c.len() + 1..)).unwrap_or(before);

        Ok((
            input,
            Token::Mention {
                mention_type,
                name: name.into(),
                host: host.map(|h| h.into()),
            },
        ))
    }

    fn tag_hashtag<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Token> {
        let (input, maybe_preceded) =
            opt(recognize(tuple((alphanumeric1_unicode, tag("#")))))(input)?;

        if let Some(preceded) = maybe_preceded {
            return Ok((input, Token::PlainText(preceded.into_fragment().into())));
        }

        let (input, _) = tag("#")(input)?;

        let (input, hashtag_text) = map(
            recognize(many1(self.partial_span(Self::hashtag_chars))),
            Span::into_fragment,
        )(input)?;

        Ok((input, Token::Hashtag(hashtag_text.into())))
    }

    #[inline]
    fn increase_nesting<'a, 'b, O, F>(
        &'b self,
        mut func: F,
    ) -> impl FnMut(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, O> + 'b
    where
        F: Parser<Span<'a>, O, nom::error::Error<Span<'a>>> + 'b,
    {
        move |mut input| {
            if input.extra.depth >= self.depth_limit {
                return fail(input);
            }

            input.extra.depth += 1;
            func.parse(input)
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn hashtag_chars<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>> {
        recognize(alt((
            recognize(tuple((
                tag("("),
                self.increase_nesting(self.partial_span(Self::hashtag_chars)),
                tag(")"),
            ))),
            recognize(tuple((
                tag("["),
                self.increase_nesting(self.partial_span(Self::hashtag_chars)),
                tag("]"),
            ))),
            recognize(tuple((
                tag("「"),
                self.increase_nesting(self.partial_span(Self::hashtag_chars)),
                tag("」"),
            ))),
            recognize(tuple((
                tag("（"),
                self.increase_nesting(self.partial_span(Self::hashtag_chars)),
                tag("）"),
            ))),
            recognize(tuple((
                not(space1_unicode),
                not(line_ending),
                not(one_of(".,:;!?#?/[]【】()「」（）<>")),
                anychar,
            ))),
        )))(input)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn protocol<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>> {
        alt((tag("https://"), tag("http://")))(input)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn url_chars_base<'a>(&self, input: Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>> {
        alt((
            alphanumeric1_unicode,
            recognize(tuple((
                tag("["),
                many_till(
                    self.increase_nesting(self.partial_span(Self::url_chars_base)),
                    tag("]"),
                ),
            ))),
            recognize(tuple((
                tag("("),
                many_till(
                    self.increase_nesting(self.partial_span(Self::url_chars_base)),
                    tag(")"),
                ),
            ))),
            recognize(one_of(".,_/:%#$&?!~=+-@")),
        ))(input)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn url_chars<'a, 'b, F>(
        &'b self,
        mut terminator: F,
        spaces: bool,
    ) -> impl FnMut(Span<'a>) -> IResult<Span<'a>, Span<'a>> + 'b
    where
        F: Parser<Span<'a>, Span<'a>, nom::error::Error<Span<'a>>> + 'b,
    {
        move |input| {
            recognize(many1_count(tuple((
                not(tuple((space1, eof))),
                not(tuple((space1, tag("\"")))),
                not(tuple((opt(space1), |input| terminator.parse(input)))),
                alt((
                    |input| self.url_chars_base(input),
                    if spaces { space1 } else { fail },
                )),
            ))))(input)
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use crate::{to_xml_string, Context, Span, SpanMeta, Token, DEFAULT_DEPTH_LIMIT};
    use nom::bytes::complete::tag;
    use std::collections::HashMap;

    fn parse_full(string: &str) -> Token {
        Context::default()
            .full(Span::new_extra(string, SpanMeta::default()))
            .unwrap()
            .1
            .merged()
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_url_chars() {
        let ctx = Context::default();

        assert_eq!(
            ctx.url_chars(tag(")"), true)(Span::new_extra(
                "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security))",
                SpanMeta::default()
            ))
            .unwrap()
            .1
            .into_fragment(),
            "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)"
        );

        assert_eq!(
            ctx.url_chars(tag(")"), true)(Span::new_extra(
                "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)))",
                SpanMeta::default()
            ))
            .unwrap()
            .1
            .into_fragment(),
            "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)",
        );

        assert_eq!(
            ctx.url_chars(tag(")"), true)(Span::new_extra(
                "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Among_Us  ",
                SpanMeta::default()
            ))
            .unwrap()
            .1
            .into_fragment(),
            "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Among_Us",
        );

        assert_eq!(
            ctx.url_chars(tag(")"), true)(Span::new_extra(
                "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Among Us  )",
                SpanMeta::default()
            ))
            .unwrap()
            .1
            .into_fragment(),
            "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Among Us"
        );

        assert_eq!(
            ctx.url_chars(tag(")"), false)(Span::new_extra(
                "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Among Us  )",
                SpanMeta::default()
            ))
            .unwrap()
            .1
            .into_fragment(),
            "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Among"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_formatting() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"~~stikethrough~~"#),
            Token::Strikethrough(Box::new(Token::PlainText("stikethrough".into()))),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"**bold**"#),
            Token::Bold(Box::new(Token::PlainText("bold".into()))),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"*italic*"#),
            Token::Italic(Box::new(Token::PlainText("italic".into()))),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"* italic *"#),
            Token::PlainText("* italic *".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("snake_case_variable"),
            Token::PlainText("snake_case_variable".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("intra*word*italic"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("intra".into()),
                Token::Italic(Box::new(Token::PlainText("word".into()))),
                Token::PlainText("italic".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"_ italic *"#),
            Token::PlainText("_ italic *".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"*"italic"*"#),
            Token::Italic(Box::new(Token::PlainText("\"italic\"".into())))
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"not code `code` also not code"#),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("not code ".into()),
                Token::InlineCode("code".into()),
                Token::PlainText(" also not code".into())
            ]),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"not code `code` also `not code"#),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("not code ".into()),
                Token::InlineCode("code".into()),
                Token::PlainText(" also `not code".into())
            ]),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"not code `*not bold*` also not code"#),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("not code ".into()),
                Token::InlineCode("*not bold*".into()),
                Token::PlainText(" also not code".into())
            ]),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"***bold italic***"#),
            Token::BoldItalic(Box::new(Token::PlainText("bold italic".into())))
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"<b><i>bold italic</i></b>"#),
            Token::Bold(Box::new(Token::Italic(Box::new(Token::PlainText(
                "bold italic".into()
            )))))
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("~~*hello\nworld*"),
            Token::PlainText("~~*hello\nworld*".into())
        )
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_complex() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r"\( nya^3 \)"),
            Token::InlineMath(" nya^3 ".to_string())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("\\( nya^3 \n \\)"),
            Token::PlainText("\\( nya^3 \n \\)".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r"`AbstractProxyFactoryBean`"),
            Token::InlineCode("AbstractProxyFactoryBean".to_string())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("`let x = \n 5;`"),
            Token::PlainText("`let x = \n 5;`".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(
                r#"
```js
var x = undefined;
```"#
            ),
            Token::BlockCode {
                lang: Some("js".to_string()),
                inner: "var x = undefined;".to_string(),
            }
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(
                r"
\[
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
\]"
            ),
            Token::BlockMath("a^2 + b^2 = c^2".to_string())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(
                r#"<center>centered
🦋🏳️‍⚧️
text</center>"#
            ),
            Token::Center(Box::new(Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("centered\n".into()),
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("🦋".into()),
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("🏳️‍⚧️".into()),
                Token::PlainText("\ntext".into())
            ])))
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(
                r#"> <center>centered
> 👩🏽‍🤝‍👩🏼
> text</center>"#
            ),
            Token::Quote(Box::new(Token::Center(Box::new(Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("centered\n".into()),
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("👩🏽‍🤝‍👩🏼".into()),
                Token::PlainText("\ntext".into())
            ]))))),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"$[x2 $[sparkle 🥺]💜$[spin.y,speed=5s ❤️]🦊]"#),
            Token::Function {
                name: "x2".into(),
                params: HashMap::new(),
                inner: Box::new(Token::Sequence(vec![
                    Token::Function {
                        name: "sparkle".into(),
                        params: HashMap::new(),
                        inner: Box::new(Token::UnicodeEmoji("🥺".into())),
                    },
                    Token::UnicodeEmoji("💜".into()),
                    Token::Function {
                        name: "spin".into(),
                        params: {
                            let mut params = HashMap::new();
                            params.insert("y".into(), None);
                            params.insert("speed".into(), Some("5s".into()));
                            params
                        },
                        inner: Box::new(Token::UnicodeEmoji("❤️".into())),
                    },
                    Token::UnicodeEmoji("🦊".into()),
                ]))
            },
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(r#"<b>bold @tag1 <i> @tag2 </b>italic</i>"#),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("<b>bold ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag1".into(),
                    host: None
                },
                Token::PlainText(" <i> ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag2".into(),
                    host: None
                },
                Token::PlainText(" </b>italic</i>".into())
            ]),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(
                r#"
> test
> <i>
> italic
> </i>
>> Nested quote
"#
            ),
            Token::Quote(Box::new(Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("test\n".into()),
                Token::Italic(Box::new(Token::PlainText("\nitalic\n".into()))),
                Token::Quote(Box::new(Token::PlainText("Nested quote".into())))
            ]))),
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_link() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("IPv4 test: <https://0>"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("IPv4 test: ".into()),
                Token::UrlNoEmbed("https://0".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("IPv4 test: <https://127.0.0.1>"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("IPv4 test: ".into()),
                Token::UrlNoEmbed("https://127.0.0.1".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("IPv6 test: <https://[::2f:1]/nya>"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("IPv6 test: ".into()),
                Token::UrlNoEmbed("https://[::2f:1]/nya".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("IPv6 test: https://[::2f:1]/nya"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("IPv6 test: ".into()),
                Token::UrlRaw("https://[::2f:1]/nya".into())
            ])
        );

        // IDNs
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("IDN test: https://www.háčkyčárky.cz/"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("IDN test: ".into()),
                Token::UrlRaw("https://www.háčkyčárky.cz/".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("Link test: [label](https://example.com)"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("Link test: ".into()),
                Token::Link {
                    label: Box::new(Token::PlainText("label".into())),
                    href: "https://example.com".into(),
                    embed: true
                }
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("test #hashtag tail"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("test ".into()),
                Token::Hashtag("hashtag".into()),
                Token::PlainText(" tail".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("not#hashtag tail"),
            Token::PlainText("not#hashtag tail".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("<https://example.com>"),
            Token::UrlNoEmbed("https://example.com".into())
        );

        // Adjacent links okay
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("<https://example.com/><https://awawa.gay/>"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::UrlNoEmbed("https://example.com/".into()),
                Token::UrlNoEmbed("https://awawa.gay/".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("Link test: ?[label](https://awawa.gay)"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("Link test: ".into()),
                Token::Link {
                    label: Box::new(Token::PlainText("label".into())),
                    href: "https://awawa.gay".into(),
                    embed: false
                }
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("Link test: ?[label](https://awawa.gay)test"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("Link test: ".into()),
                Token::Link {
                    label: Box::new(Token::PlainText("label".into())),
                    href: "https://awawa.gay".into(),
                    embed: false
                },
                Token::PlainText("test".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("Link test: (?[label](https://awawa.gay))"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("Link test: (".into()),
                Token::Link {
                    label: Box::new(Token::PlainText("label".into())),
                    href: "https://awawa.gay".into(),
                    embed: false
                },
                Token::PlainText(")".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("Link test: ?[label](https://awawa.gay"), // Missing closing bracket
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("Link test: ?[label](".into()),
                Token::UrlRaw("https://awawa.gay".into()),
            ])
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn limit_nesting() {
        let mut tok = Token::PlainText(" <s><i>test</i></s> ".into());
        for _ in 0..DEFAULT_DEPTH_LIMIT {
            tok = Token::Bold(Box::new(tok));
        }

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(
                &("<b>".repeat(DEFAULT_DEPTH_LIMIT)
                    + " <s><i>test</i></s> "
                    + &*"</b>".repeat(DEFAULT_DEPTH_LIMIT))
            ),
            tok
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_mention() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("@tag"),
            Token::Mention {
                mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                name: "tag".into(),
                host: None
            }
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("email@notactuallyamenmtion.org"),
            Token::PlainText("email@notactuallyamenmtion.org".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("hgsjlkdsa @tag fgahjsdkd"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("hgsjlkdsa ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: None
                },
                Token::PlainText(" fgahjsdkd".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("hgsjlkdsa @tag@ fgahjsdkd"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("hgsjlkdsa ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: None
                },
                Token::PlainText("@ fgahjsdkd".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("aaaa @tag@domain bbbbb"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("aaaa ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: Some("domain".into())
                },
                Token::PlainText(" bbbbb".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("test @tag@domain, test"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("test ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: Some("domain".into())
                },
                Token::PlainText(", test".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("test @tag@domain.gay. test"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("test ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: Some("domain.gay".into())
                },
                Token::PlainText(". test".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("test @tag@domain? test"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("test ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::User,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: Some("domain".into())
                },
                Token::PlainText("? test".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("test !tag@domain.com test"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("test ".into()),
                Token::Mention {
                    mention_type: crate::MentionType::Community,
                    name: "tag".into(),
                    host: Some("domain.com".into())
                },
                Token::PlainText(" test".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("@tag:domain.com"),
            Token::Mention {
                mention_type: crate::MentionType::MatrixUser,
                name: "tag".into(),
                host: Some("domain.com".into())
            },
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_shortcodes() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(":bottom:"),
            Token::ShortcodeEmoji("bottom".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(":bottom::blobfox:"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::ShortcodeEmoji("bottom".into()),
                Token::ShortcodeEmoji("blobfox".into())
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full(":bottom:blobfox"),
            Token::PlainText(":bottom:blobfox".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("bottom:blobfox:"),
            Token::PlainText("bottom:blobfox:".into())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse_emoji() {
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("🥺💜❤️🦊"),
            Token::Sequence(
                vec!["🥺", "💜", "❤️", "🦊"]
                    .into_iter()
                    .map(str::to_string)
                    .map(Token::UnicodeEmoji)
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            )
        );

        // Trans flag, ZWJ
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}\u{0200d}\u{026a7}\u{0fe0f}"),
            Token::UnicodeEmoji("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}\u{0200d}\u{026a7}\u{0fe0f}".into())
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("\u{0200d}\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::PlainText("\u{0200d}".into()),             // ZWJ
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}".into()), // White flag
            ])
        );

        // Trans flag, ZWNJ
        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}\u{0200c}\u{026a7}\u{0fe0f}"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}".into()), // White flag
                Token::PlainText("\u{0200c}".into()),             // ZWNJ
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("\u{026a7}\u{0fe0f}".into())  // Trans symbol
            ])
        );

        assert_eq!(
            parse_full("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}\u{0200d}\u{0200d}\u{0200d}"),
            Token::Sequence(vec![
                Token::UnicodeEmoji("\u{1f3f3}\u{0fe0f}".into()), // White flag
                Token::PlainText("\u{0200d}\u{0200d}\u{0200d}".into()), // ZWJ
            ])
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn xml_serialization() {
        assert_eq!(
            &to_xml_string(&parse_full("***nyaaa***")).unwrap(),
            r#"<mmm><b><i>nyaaa</i></b></mmm>"#
        );

        assert_eq!(
            &to_xml_string(&parse_full(
                "@natty $[spin.speed=0.5s 🥺]:cat_attack: <plain>test</plain>"
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            r#"<mmm><mention name="natty" type="user"/> <fn name="spin" arg-speed="0.5s"><ue>🥺</ue></fn><ee>cat_attack</ee> test</mmm>"#
        );

        assert_eq!(
            &to_xml_string(&parse_full(
                r#"
```js
var x = undefined;
```         "#
            ))
            .unwrap(),
            "<mmm><code lang=\"js\">var x = undefined;</code></mmm>"
        );
    }
}